Hypertensive Crisis, Urgency, & Emergency - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBUpdated: 05/20/2024. A hypertensive crisis is a severe increase in blood pressure (systolic ≥180 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥110 mm Hg). 1 Without immediate intervention, severe cases can be fatal. 1 There are 2 types of hypertensive crises: hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergency. 1 A hypertensive urgency is a severe elevation in blood pressure in an otherwise stable patient who does ...
Congestive Heart Failure Symptoms, Stages, & Classification - The ...
WEBFeb 13, 2024 · Congestive heart failure is a potentially life-threatening condition that impacts millions of people. However, patients with congestive heart failure may be asymptomatic until functional remodeling of the heart occurs. 1 In addition, heart failure is often overlooked or misdiagnosed, particularly in older adults. 2 To help health care providers increase patient awareness, this article covers ...
Beta Blockers in Heart Failure Management - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBFeb 12, 2024 · Beta blockers are the mainstay heart failure treatment for patients with an LVEF of up to 40%, as seen in HFrEF. 2 High-quality evidence from multiple RCTs indicates that beta blockers can boost clinical status by improving left ventricular function and reducing symptoms of heart failure, and the risk of hospitalization and mortality. 2 In ...
HS-CRP: High Sensitivity CRP (C-reactive Protein)
WEBNov 17, 2022 · C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein produced in the liver as part of the body’s natural inflammatory response. 1,2 It is produced in greater volumes when inflammatory conditions are present, with high concentrations indicating more serious inflammation of the patient’s system. 1 CRP tests, which measure the concentration of CRP in blood plasma, are a useful non-specific ...
FFR: Fractional Flow Reserve - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBDec 5, 2022 · FFR Definition & Description. FFR is defined as ratio of pressure measured in coronary segment distal to stenosis (Pd) and pressure measured proximal to stenosis, usually aortic pressure (Pa) or pressure measured in healthy proximal coronary segment. Fractional flow reserve formula is FFR = Pd/Pa. 3 FFR …
PCI vs CABG - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBDec 5, 2022 · Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are two options for the treatment and management of coronary artery disease. Advancements in imaging techniques, including computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, intravascular ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography, have improved the detection of patients’ needs for PCI vs CABG interventions.
How Long to Discontinue Apixaban for Optimal Concentration …
WEBDecember 30, 2021. Patients achieved optimal serum apixaban levels when discontinuing use 60 hours or more prior to invasive or major surgery, according to clinical trial results published in Vascular Medicine. Apixaban Discontinuation for Invasive Or major Surgical procedures (ADIOS) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02935751) was a single ...
Antianginal Drugs - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBNov 17, 2022 · Antianginal Drugs in Summary. Angina is chest pain or chest discomfort due to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. 1,2 Angina is a predictor of future cardiovascular events; therefore, angina treatment goals are to prevent myocardial infarction (MI) and death, and to alleviate symptoms of angina. 1-3 …
6 Minute Walk Test - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBNov 21, 2022 · The 6-minute walk test measures the distance an individual can walk over 6 minutes on a hard, flat surface. It is a sub-maximal exercist test used to assess the functional heart and lung capacity of individuals to gauge tolerance to exercise and medical interventions. It can be used to evaluate patients with osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ...
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Shock
WEBDec 5, 2022 · An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) continuously monitors an individual's heartbeat and delivers an electric ICD shock when needed to restore a regular heart rhythm. They are used for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in individuals with increased risk of life-threatening ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF), and for the secondary prevention of ...