The Earth is a dynamic system—it has a fluid, mobile atmosphere and oceans, a continually changing distribution of ice, snow, and groundwater, a fluid core undergoing hydromagnetic motion, a mantle ...
New Geosphere articles posted online 16 July 2012 include additions to three themes: "Seeing the True Shape of Earth's Surface: Applications of Airborne and Terrestrial LiDAR in the Geosciences"; ...
In geodesy, the Earth's gravitational field is commonly expressed as an expansion in spherical harmonic functions. These functions arise when Laplace's equation (the fundamental differential equation ...