A set of normal values of three-dimensional echocardiographic right ventricular volume and function was first established in a large Chinese population, which was significantly smaller than those ...

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a known risk factor for mortality in both healthy and patient populations. There are currently no normative data for short-term measures of HRV. A thorough review of ...

A urine protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR) test looks for high levels of protein in your urine, which can happen in kidney disease. Results that are higher than average may be a sign of a kidney-related ...

COPD requires regular monitoring through tests like spirometry to assess the condition’s severity and aid in an individualized treatment plan. COPD is a progressive lung condition that makes breathing ...