Nearly 100 years ago, a seemingly simple discovery revolutionized the microscope. The introduction of phase contrast, which garnered a Nobel Prize in 1953, brought into clear view structures inside ...

The invention that first enabled researchers to see clear images of living cells was the phase-contrast microscope, which won its inventor, Frits Zernike, a Nobel Prize in 1932. Prior to Zernike's ...

A computer-assisted design schematic showing how an electron beam is routed within a microscope. After going through the sample, it crosses a bright cyan beam representing the laser beam. A schematic ...

a, An axi-symmetric binary phase filter (BPF) and image reconstruction network are jointly learned through the physics-informed neural network. The learned BPF is fabricated and inserted in a pupil ...