Recently, the possibility to reproduce complex continuous acoustic signals via pulsed laser-plasma sound sources was demonstrated. This was achieved by optoacoustic transduction of dense laser pulse ...

RF signals historically are measured using spectrum analyzers, at least that was before oscilloscopes offered sufficient bandwidth for those measurements. With oscilloscope bandwidths over 100 GHz, RF ...

This work studies the spectrum of discrete-time Uniform-sampling pulse width modulation (UPWM) signals originating from stochastic input signals. It demonstrates that for ergodic input sequences of ...

Laser Proximity Sensors use laser beams to detect the presence or absence of objects within a certain range. They are used in security systems, robotics, automation, and industrial processes, where ...

A tough challenge for test engineers is explored in terms of test methods, pitfalls, and measurement errors. For the test engineer, RF and microwave power amplifier testing imposes unique challenges.